Pneumatic clutch is a common type of clutch widely used in various mechanical transmission systems. Its working principle is based on the separation and engagement of the friction clutch controlled by pneumatic pressure, achieving the separation and engagement of the mechanical transmission system.
A pneumatic clutch generally consists of three parts: the clutch housing, pressure plate, and separator. The clutch housing is the main part of the pneumatic clutch, responsible for carrying various components and providing fixed positions. A pressure plate is a disc fixed to a rotating component, with a friction plate clamped between its outer circular surface and the inner circular surface of the separator, transmitting power from the engine to the transmission. The separator is a component that matches the internal shape of the clutch housing and mainly serves to separate the pressure plate and friction plate.
The working principle of a pneumatic clutch can be divided into two processes: compression and separation.
1. Pressing process
When the transmission system starts or accelerates, the cylinder is filled with gas, transmitting gas pressure to the pressure plate of the clutch, making it tightly fit with the friction plate. At this point, the electromagnet of the coupler opens, causing the clutch to withstand the torque of the active component rotation, which determines the load capacity of the rotating component. The clutch rotates simultaneously with the engine, transmitting driving force to the transmission.
2. Separation process
When the transmission system slows down or stops, the electromagnet closes, releasing the pressure on the gas unloading pressure plate and separating it from the friction plate. At this point, the engine no longer transmits power to rotating components, making it easy for the transmission to cut off contact with the engine. The operation when the clutch is disengaged is automatic and does not require the use of an additional foot clutch.
In short, the working principle of a pneumatic clutch is based on controlling the friction between the pressure plate and the friction plate, achieving the clutch and engagement of the mechanical transmission system. By adjusting the pressure of the clutch, the torque of the driving components that the clutch resists can be controlled, enabling it to operate normally under different working conditions. This device has the advantages of compact structure, light weight, high transmission efficiency, and high degree of automation, and has been widely used in various industries and fields.